Understanding How Birth Control Works

Dr. Marika Raff • February 13, 2025

As a fertility specialist, one of the most common concerns I hear from patients is whether their past or current use of birth control might affect their ability to conceive in the future. Whether you're thinking about starting a family soon or simply planning ahead for when the time is right, understanding how birth control can influence your fertility is an important step in your journey. Let’s explore the different types of birth control and how (or if) they might impact your fertility after discontinuation.

Do Different Methods of Birth Control Impact Fertility?

As a fertility specialist, one of the most common concerns I hear from patients is whether their past or current use of birth control might affect their ability to conceive in the future. Whether you're thinking about starting a family soon or simply planning ahead for when the time is right, understanding how birth control can influence your fertility is an important step in your journey. Let’s explore the different types of birth control and how (or if) they might impact your fertility after discontinuation.

Understanding How Birth Control Works

Birth control methods are designed to prevent pregnancy in different ways. Some stop ovulation, others create barriers to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, and some alter the uterine environment to prevent implantation. While these methods are highly effective in preventing pregnancy, they do not all have the same impact on fertility once discontinued.

Hormonal Birth Control: Pills, Patches, Rings, and Injections

Combination Pills, Patches, and Rings

These contraceptives use synthetic estrogen and progestin to stop ovulation. Fortunately, most individuals see their fertility return within a few weeks after stopping. Studies show that ovulation often resumes quickly, and many people conceive within a few months.

Progestin-Only Pills ("Mini Pills")

Like combination methods, progestin-only pills suppress ovulation. Many women begin ovulating again within a month of stopping.

Depo-Provera Injection

The Depo-Provera shot is a long-acting hormonal contraceptive that can delay fertility return. The hormone lingers in the system, and it can take up to 12 months or more for ovulation to resume after the last injection.

Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): Hormonal and Non-Hormonal

Hormonal IUDs (e.g., Mirena, Kyleena)

Hormonal IUDs release progestin, which thickens cervical mucus and sometimes suppresses ovulation. Once removed, the hormones leave your system quickly, and most women can conceive within a few months.

Copper IUD (e.g., Paragard)

The copper IUD is non-hormonal and prevents pregnancy by creating an environment that is toxic to sperm. Since it doesn’t alter hormones, fertility typically returns immediately upon removal.

Barrier Methods: Condoms, Diaphragms, and Spermicides

Barrier methods do not involve hormones and have no lasting impact on fertility. You can attempt conception immediately after discontinuing use.

Permanent Birth Control: Tubal Ligation

Tubal ligation (commonly referred to as "getting your tubes tied") is a permanent birth control method. Though reversal surgeries exist, success rates vary, and pregnancy may still require assisted reproductive technologies like IVF.

Emergency Contraception

Emergency contraception (such as Plan B) does not have long-term effects on fertility. Your cycle may be temporarily disrupted, but fertility is not permanently affected.

Additional Factors That Affect Fertility

  • Age – Fertility naturally declines with age.
  • Underlying conditions – PCOS, endometriosis, and thyroid disorders can impact conception.
  • Lifestyle – Smoking, weight, and overall health play key roles in fertility.

When to Seek Help

If you’ve stopped birth control and haven’t conceived after 6-12 months of trying(or sooner if over 35), consulting a fertility specialist is recommended.

Research and Resources

Whether you're transitioning off birth control or just starting your family-building journey, Caperton Fertility Institute is here to support you.

Caperton Fertility Institute – Where Science Meets Compassion.

Mid-Summer Health Tips to Support Fertility and Wellness

By Dr. Marika Raff • August 5, 2025
As the summer heat peaks in New Mexico and Texas, it's important to stay mindful of your health—especially if you’re trying to conceive or undergoing fertility treatments. At Caperton Fertility Institute, we’re committed to supporting your journey with expert care and personalized guidance. Here are our top mid-summer health tips to help you stay cool, healthy, and fertility-focused through the season. 1. Hydrate with Purpose The dry heat of Albuquerque and El Paso can lead to rapid dehydration, which may impact hormone balance and reproductive health. Aim for at least 8–10 glasses of water a day. Add slices of lemon, cucumber, or mint to enhance flavor and encourage regular hydration. 2. Optimize Your Summer Diet Fertility-friendly foods are rich in antioxidants, omega-3s, and folate. Incorporate: Seasonal fruits like berries, watermelon, and oranges Leafy greens and avocados Cold-water fish like salmon (low in mercury) Nuts and seeds Avoid sugary drinks and excessive caffeine, both of which can contribute to inflammation and hormonal disruption. 3. Time Outdoor Activities Wisely The intense afternoon sun in the Southwest can increase core body temperature, which may not be ideal during fertility treatments or early pregnancy. Plan walks, gardening, or exercise during cooler morning or evening hours, and always wear breathable clothing and sunscreen. 4. Practice Stress-Reducing Rituals Summer schedules can get hectic, but maintaining calm is crucial for hormonal balance. Incorporate: Gentle yoga or meditation Evening baths with Epsom salts Journaling or reading in a cool, quiet space These practices can improve sleep, support immune health, and enhance fertility outcomes. 5. Stay Informed and Connected Summer is a great time to check in with your fertility specialist, especially if you're planning treatment in the fall. Whether you're exploring IVF, IUI, or fertility preservation, our team in Albuquerque and El Paso is here to support you every step of the way. Plan Ahead with Caperton Fertility Institute Don't let the summer heat slow down your fertility journey. Contact Caperton Fertility Institute to schedule a consultation or learn more about how we can help you prepare for a healthy, successful path to parenthood. Let’s make this summer count—toward your future family.

Adenomyosis and Fertility: Hope, Treatment, and Next Steps

By Dr. Marika Raff • July 30, 2025
Adenomyosis is a frequently misunderstood condition that can significantly affect a woman’s quality of life—and in some cases, her ability to conceive. At Caperton Fertility Institute, serving patients in Albuquerque, NM, and El Paso, TX, we understand the concerns that come with this diagnosis. We’re here to provide clarity, compassion, and the most advanced fertility care available. What Is Adenomyosis? Adenomyosis occurs when the inner lining of the uterus (endometrial tissue) begins to grow into the muscular wall of the uterus. This abnormal tissue growth can lead to an enlarged, tender uterus and painful menstrual symptoms. Though similar to endometriosis, adenomyosis is a unique condition requiring its own approach to diagnosis and treatment. Common Symptoms of Adenomyosis: Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding Intense menstrual cramps Chronic pelvic pain Pain during intercourse Pelvic pressure or bloating Some individuals may be asymptomatic How Adenomyosis Can Affect Fertility Not all individuals with adenomyosis face infertility. However, the condition has been linked to reproductive challenges, particularly when inflammation and uterine changes interfere with the conception process. Here’s how adenomyosis may impact fertility: 🔹 Impaired Embryo Implantation The inflamed and thickened uterine wall may create an environment less hospitable for embryo implantation. 🔹 Abnormal Uterine Contractions Disruptive uterine movements can interfere with both sperm transport and successful implantation. 🔹 Hormonal Disruption Endometrial tissue affected by adenomyosis may not respond properly to reproductive hormones, making it harder to sustain early pregnancy. 🔹 Elevated Risk of Miscarriage Research suggests a possible increase in miscarriage rates among women with moderate to severe adenomyosis. Diagnosing and Managing Adenomyosis at Caperton Fertility Institute Adenomyosis can be challenging to diagnose, especially in its early stages or when symptoms are minimal. At Caperton Fertility Institute, we use state-of-the-art imaging tools, including transvaginal ultrasound and MRI, to identify the presence and severity of adenomyosis. Personalized Treatment Options: Pain and symptom management with medications Hormonal treatments (IUDs, GnRH agonists) to suppress symptoms Fertility treatments, including In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), to increase the chances of a successful pregnancy Every patient’s treatment plan is uniquely tailored based on their symptoms and reproductive goals. You Are Not Alone: Hope for Patients with Adenomyosis Receiving a diagnosis of adenomyosis can be overwhelming, especially if you're trying to build a family. But it’s important to remember that a diagnosis is not a final verdict—it’s the first step toward informed treatment and real solutions. Many of our patients with adenomyosis go on to have healthy pregnancies thanks to early diagnosis, strategic care, and the advanced fertility options available at our clinics. 🌟 Schedule Your Consultation Today At Caperton Fertility Institute in Albuquerque and El Paso, we specialize in complex reproductive health conditions like adenomyosis. Let us help you explore your options and take the next step toward your dream of parenthood. 📞 Call us or schedule online to speak with our compassionate fertility experts. Tags: Adenomyosis, Fertility Challenges, Uterine Health, Endometrial Disorders, Female Infertility, IVF, Caperton Fertility Institute, Albuquerque Fertility, El Paso Fertility, Reproductive Health

Fibroids and Fertility: What You Should Know

By Dr. Marika Raff • July 30, 2025
Uterine fibroids are a common concern for women of reproductive age, and while many are benign and symptom-free, others can significantly impact fertility and pregnancy outcomes. At Caperton Fertility Institute, with locations in Albuquerque, NM, and El Paso, TX, we provide expert care for patients navigating fibroids and fertility challenges. What Are Uterine Fibroids? Uterine fibroids, or leiomyomas, are non-cancerous tumors that grow within or around the uterus. They can vary in size, number, and location, which determines their impact on reproductive health. Fibroids are classified into four types: Submucosal Fibroids: Grow into the uterine cavity Intramural Fibroids: Develop within the uterine wall Subserosal Fibroids: Form on the outer surface of the uterus Pedunculated Fibroids: Attached to the uterus by a stalk How Fibroids Can Affect Fertility While not all fibroids cause fertility issues, certain types and locations are more likely to interfere with conception or pregnancy: Submucosal Fibroids: These are the most likely to impact fertility by distorting the uterine cavity, potentially preventing embryo implantation or increasing the risk of miscarriage. Intramural Fibroids: Large intramural fibroids can alter the uterus’ shape and decrease blood flow, which may affect embryo implantation. Fibroids Near the Fallopian Tubes: These can lead to tubal blockage, hindering sperm or egg passage. Cervical Fibroids: Rare but may impede sperm entry if located near the cervix. Common Symptoms of Fibroids Some patients with fibroids experience no symptoms, while others may notice: Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding Pelvic pain or pressure Pain during intercourse Frequent urination or constipation Recurrent miscarriages or infertility Many fibroids are discovered during a fertility evaluation or routine pelvic exam. Diagnosing and Treating Fibroids at Caperton Fertility Institute We utilize advanced imaging technologies, including high-resolution ultrasound and MRI, to accurately diagnose fibroids. Treatment plans are tailored based on your symptoms, fertility goals, and the specific characteristics of your fibroids. Treatment Options Include: Medical Management: Hormonal therapies to reduce symptoms Surgical Options: Myomectomy to remove fibroids while preserving fertility Minimally Invasive Procedures: Such as hysteroscopic or laparoscopic surgery for quicker recovery Your Fertility Journey Doesn’t End with a Fibroid Diagnosis A fibroid diagnosis doesn't mean infertility. With personalized care and proper management, many women go on to have successful pregnancies. At Caperton Fertility Institute, our fertility specialists in Albuquerque and El Paso are here to support your journey every step of the way. Schedule a Consultation Today If you suspect fibroids may be affecting your fertility, don't wait. Schedule a comprehensive consultation with our expert team and take proactive steps toward achieving your family-building goals.
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